In the world of software, Application Programming Interface (API) It is an important part that connects two software components to communicate with each other. Let's imagine API as a reliable waiter in an application restaurant. We think of the restaurant as an application, and the API waiter is in charge of managing orders and ensuring that every instruction from the customer to the kitchen runs smoothly.

     An application has multiple layers, and one of the crucial layers is the API layer. This layer focuses on the business logic in the application, determining how requests are made, as well as the data format used. Just like a waiter who concentrates on ordering and the logic of the restaurant's business, the API also keeps the communication between parts of the application orderly and smooth.

Why is Application Programming Interface Testing Important?

     Application testing generally involves two main types of testing, namely User Interface (UI) testing and Application Programming Interface (API) testing. UI testing focuses on validating the appearance and user interaction, ensuring the functionality of application interface elements such as buttons and forms, and assessing the app's visual response to user actions, while API testing focuses on the back-end or API functionality, security, performance, and reliability, validating the business logic within the app and the correct response to requests. The combination of these two tests supports the overall success of the application by ensuring good functionality in terms of the user interface and the business logic behind it.

     The API testing process is often automated and is an important part of the ongoing testing practices that developers perform in the early stages of the development cycle before the user interface (UI) is ready. Any request that doesn't produce the appropriate value at the server layer won't be displayed at the UI layer. This allows developers to eliminate at least half of the existing bugs. By analogy, APIs can be likened to reliable servers, responsible for ensuring that all application services run properly and according to the specified standards.

Types of Application Programming Interface Testing Types

     In the context of API testing, there are nine types of testing that can be performed:

       1. Smoke Testing:

Objective: Validate if the API is working and not causing issues after development is complete.
When: Done after API development is complete.

       2. Functional Testing:

Objective: Create a test plan based on functional needs and compare the results with the expected results.
When: During the development process.

       3. Integration Testing:

Purpose: Combine multiple API calls for end-to-end testing, testing intra-service communication and data transmission.
When: After an individual API unit has been tested.

       4. Regression Testing:

Goal: To ensure that bug fixes or new features don't break the behavior of existing APIs.
When: After a change or addition to the code.

        5. Load Testing:

Objective: Test the performance of the application under different loads, calculate the capacity of the application.
When: Usually done during the testing phase.

        6. Stress Testing:

Purpose: Intentionally create a high load on the APIs to test whether they can function normally under extreme conditions.
When: Usually done during the testing phase.

       7. Security Testing:

Objective: Test the API against all potential external threats.
When: During the development cycle, especially before implementation.

       8. UI Testing:

Objective: Test the user interface's interaction with the API to ensure the correct display of data.
When: After the API functionality is integrated into the user interface.

       9. Fuzz Testing:

Purpose: Entering invalid or unexpected input data into the API to identify its vulnerabilities.
When: Usually done during the security testing phase.

     In the world of software, the Application Programming Interface (API) acts as a reliable waiter in the application restaurant, connecting and managing communication between application parts seamlessly. This analogy illustrates the importance of the API layer as the guardian of business logic, similar to the role of a waiter who ensures customer orders get to the kitchen in an orderly manner. API testing is key to ensuring the overall success of the application, with a combination of UI testing that focuses on the user interface and API testing that addresses back-end, functionality, security, performance, and reliability. The automated testing process allows for the identification of errors in the early stages of development, like a reliable waiter who sifts through every order before it reaches the customer. With nine types of API testing, ranging from Smoke Testing to Fuzz Testing, this entire article describes the roles and types of API testing to support applications in order to

Referensi External

• API untuk Pemula: Bagaimana cara menggunakan API? Panduan Lengkap
• Apa Itu API? Pengertian, Cara Kerja, dan Manfaat API
• Daftar API Lokal Indonesia

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